{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Dataset",
  "name": "California SGMA Penalty Rates by GSA",
  "description": "Groundwater overuse penalty rates under California's Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA), organized by Groundwater Sustainability Agency (GSA).",
  "creator": {
    "@type": "Organization",
    "name": "AgWaterAI",
    "url": "https://agwaterai.com"
  },
  "dateModified": "2026-02-09",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "keywords": ["SGMA", "groundwater", "California", "penalties", "GSA", "water compliance"],
  "spatialCoverage": "California Central Valley",
  "data": {
    "penalty_range": {
      "minimum_per_af": 100,
      "maximum_per_af": 2500,
      "unit": "USD per acre-foot"
    },
    "compliance_deadline": "2026-02-01",
    "affected_counties": [
      "Kern", "Tulare", "Fresno", "Kings", "Madera", "Merced", "Stanislaus", "San Joaquin"
    ],
    "typical_tiers": [
      { "tier": 1, "overage_pct": "0-10%", "rate_range": "$100-$300/AF" },
      { "tier": 2, "overage_pct": "10-25%", "rate_range": "$300-$800/AF" },
      { "tier": 3, "overage_pct": "25-50%", "rate_range": "$800-$1,600/AF" },
      { "tier": 4, "overage_pct": ">50%", "rate_range": "$1,600-$2,500/AF" }
    ],
    "key_gsas": [
      { "name": "Kern Groundwater Authority", "county": "Kern", "status": "critically_overdrafted" },
      { "name": "Semitropic Water Storage District", "county": "Kern", "status": "critically_overdrafted" },
      { "name": "Eastern Tule GSA", "county": "Tulare", "status": "critically_overdrafted" },
      { "name": "Mid-Kaweah GSA", "county": "Tulare", "status": "critically_overdrafted" },
      { "name": "Fresno County GSA", "county": "Fresno", "status": "critically_overdrafted" },
      { "name": "Westlands Water District", "county": "Fresno", "status": "critically_overdrafted" }
    ],
    "free_calculator": "https://agwaterai.com/calculator"
  }
}